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Census Landmark Point Features, 1995 - Utah

Identification Information
Citation
Originator
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Geography Division
Publication Date
1996
Title
Census Landmark Point Features, 1995 - Utah
Geospatial Data Presentation Form
vector digital data
Collection Title
TIGER/Line Files, 1995
Publication Information
Online Linkage
https://hgl.harvard.edu/catalog/harvard-tg95utlptpt
Abstract
This datalayer displays landmark point features throughout the state. "Landmark" is the general name given to a cartographic (or locational) landmark, a land-use area, and a key geographic location (KGL). A cartographic landmark is identified for use by an enumerator while working in the field. A land-use area is identified in order to minimize enumeration efforts in uninhabited areas or areas where human access is restricted. A key geographic location is identified in order to more accurately geocode and enumerate a place of work or residence. The predominant feature classes represented in this layer include airports or airfields, cemeteries, fraternities or sororities, state or local parks or forests, golf courses, lookout towers, educational and religious institutions. Other possible landmark features could include military installations, multi-household or transient quarters, custodial facilities, other types of transportation facilities or terminals, employment centers, open space and other special landmark designations for post offices, police stations and firehouses.
Purpose
This layer is intended for researchers, students, and policy makers for reference and mapping purposes, and may be used for basic applications such as viewing, querying, and map output production. This layer will provide a basemap for layers related to transportation analysis, statistical enumeration and analysis, or to support graphical overlays and analysis with other spatial data. More advanced user applications may focus on transportation, urban and rural land use planning, socio-economic analysis and related areas (including defining boundaries, managing assets and facilities, integrating attribute databases with geographic features, spatial analysis, and presentation output.)
Temporal Extent
Currentness Reference
ground condition
Time Instant
1995101
Bounding Box
West
-114.039879
East
-109.046540
North
41.982250
South
37.001271
ISO Topic Category
transportation
intelligenceMilitary
structure
imageryBaseMapsEarthCover
Theme Keyword
Census
Religious institutions
Military installations
Parks
Cemeteries
Airports
Camp sites
Recreation areas
Theme Keyword Thesaurus
LCSH
Place Keyword
Utah
Place Keyword Thesaurus
GNIS
Access Restrictions
None
Use Restrictions
For educational, non-commercial use only. TIGER, TIGER/Line, and Census TIGER are trademarks of the Bureau of the Census. Although this data set has been developed by the U.S. Census Bureau, no warranty expressed or implied is made by the Bureau as to the accuracy of the data and related materials. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the Bureau in the use of this data, or related materials.
Status
Complete
Maintenance and Update Frequency
Datalayers derived from TIGER/Line files are extracted from the Census TIGER data base when needed for geographic programs required to support the census and survey programs of the Census Bureau. No changes or updates will be made to the 1995 files.
Point of Contact
Contact Organization
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Geography Division
Delivery Point
8903 Presidential Pkwy, WP I
Delivery Point
Bureau of the Census
City
Upper Marlboro
City
Washington
State
Maryland
State
District of Columbia
Postal Code
20772
Postal Code
20233
Country
USA
Country
USA
Credit
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Geography Division.
Native Data Set Environment
Microsoft Windows NT Version 4.0 (Build 1381) Service Pack 6; ESRI ArcCatalog 8.2.0.700
Collection
Originator
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Geography Division
Publication Date
1996
Title
TIGER/Line Files, 1995
Edition
Version (0024)
Publication Information
Publication Place
Washington, DC
Publisher
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census
Data Quality Information
Attribute Accuracy Report
Accurate against Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS), FIPS Publication 6-4, and FIPS-55 at the 100% level for the codes and base names. The remaining attribute information has been examined but has not been fully tested for accuracy.
Logical Consistency Report
The feature network of lines (as represented by Record Types 1 and 2) is complete for census purposes. Spatial objects in TIGER/Line belong to the "Geometry and Topology"(GT) class of objects in the "Spatial Data Transfer Standard" (SDTS) FIPS Publication 173 and are topologically valid. Node/geometry and topology (GT)-polygon/chain relationships are collected or generated to satisfy topological edit requirements. These requirements include: Complete chains must begin and end at nodes. Complete chains must connect to each other at nodes. Complete chains do not extend through nodes. Left and right GT-polygons are defined for each complete chain element and are consistent throughout the extract process. The chains representing the limits of the file are free of gaps. The Census Bureau performed automated tests to ensure logical consistency and limits of files. All polygons are tested for closure. Some polygons in the TIGER/Line files may be so small that the polygon internal point has been manually placed on a node that defines the polygon perimeter. These small polygons have been detected, and corrections will be incorporated in the Census TIGER data base in the future. The Census Bureau uses its internally developed Geographic Update System to enhance and modify spatial and attribute data in the Census TIGER data base. Standard geographic codes, such as FIPS codes for states, counties, municipalities, and places, are used when encoding spatial entities. The Census Bureau performed spatial data tests for logical consistency of the codes during the compilation of the original Census TIGER data base files. Most of the codes themselves were provided to the Census Bureau by the USGS, the agency responsible for maintaining FIPS 55. Feature attribute information has been examined but has not been fully tested for consistency. In addition to landmark data, the TIGER/Line? files contain the CFCCs and names for bodies of water including ponds, lakes, oceans, and the area covered by large streams represented as double-line drainage. These water areas have 1990 census block numbers ending in 99. Landmark and water features can overlap. The most common situation is a park or other special land-use feature that includes a lake or pond. In this case, the GT-polygon covered by the lake or pond belongs to a water landmark feature and a park andmark feature. Other kinds of landmarks can overlap as well. Area landmarks can contain point landmarks; these are not linked in the TIGER/Line? files. The Census Bureau does not guarantee that the landmarks or water areas are consistently identified in the TIGER/Line? files. Area landmarks added to the Census TIGER? data base in different update actions with the same name and CFCC will produce separate landmark records in the TIGER/Line? files. The landmark records may contain variant spellings of the feature name or different CFCCs even though they refer to the same feature. These differences could result in the fragmentation of a large landmark. For instance, a water body could have the name Lake Redmond with a CFCC of H31, while another part could have the same name, but a CFCC of H30, and still a third part could have the name York County Reservoir. Because area landmarks can overlap, it is possible, although not likely, for one polygon to belong to several landmarks.
Completeness Report
Data completeness of the TIGER/Line files reflects the contents of the Census TIGER data base at the time the TIGER/Line files (1995 version) were created.
Horizontal Positional Accuracy Report
The information present in these files is provided for the purposes of statistical analysis and census operations only. Coordinates in the TIGER/Line files have six implied decimal places, but the positional accuracy of these coordinates is not as great as the six decimal places suggest. The positional accuracy varies with the source materials used, but generally the information is no better than the established National Map Accuracy standards for 1:100,000-scale maps from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); thus it is NOT suitable for high-precision measurement applications such as engineering problems, property transfers, or other uses that might require highly accurate measurements of the earth's surface. The USGS 1:100,000-scale maps meet national map accuracy standards and use coordinates defined by the North American Datum, 1983. For the contiguous 48 States, the cartographic fidelity of most of the 1995 TIGER/Line files, in areas outside the 1980 census Geographic Base File/Dual Independent Map Encoding (GBF/DIME) file coverage and selected other large metropolitan areas, compare favorably with the USGS 1:100,000-scale maps. The Census Bureau cannot specify the accuracy of features inside of what was the 1980 GBF/DIME-Files coverage or selected metropolitan areas. The Census Bureau added updates to the TIGER/Line files that enumerators annotated on map sheets prepared from the Census TIGER data base as they attempted to traverse every street feature shown on the 1990 census map sheets. The Bureau also made other corrections from updated map sheets supplied by local participants for Census Bureau programs. The locational accuracy of these updates is of unknown quality. In addition to the Federal, State, and local sources, portions of the files may contain information obtained in part from maps and other materials prepared by private companies. Despite the fact that TIGER/Line data positional accuracy is not as high as the coordinates values imply, the six-decimal place precision is useful when producing maps. The precision allows features that are next to each other on the ground to be placed in the correct position, on the map, relative to each other, without overlap.
Lineage
Source
Originator
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Geography Division
Publication Date
Unpublished Material
Title
TIGER database
Edition
1995
Source Scale Denominator
100000
Type of Source Media
online
Source Temporal Extent
Time Period Information
Single Date/Time
Calendar Date
1995
Source Currentness Reference
Date the file was made available to create TIGER/Line File extracts.
Spatial Data Organization Information
Direct Spatial Reference Method
Vector
Point and Vector Object Information
SDTS Terms Description
SDTS Point and Vector Object Type
Entity point
Point and Vector Object Count
988
Spatial Reference Information
Horizontal Coordinate System Definition
Geographic
Latitude Resolution
0.000000
Longitude Resolution
0.000000
Geographic Coordinate Units
Decimal degrees
Geodetic Model
Horizontal Datum Name
North American Datum of 1927
Ellipsoid Name
Clarke 1866
Semi-major Axis
6378206.400000
Denominator of Flattening Ratio
294.978698
Vertical Coordinate System Definition
Altitude System Definition
Altitude Resolution
1.000000
Altitude Encoding Method
Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
Entity and Attribute Information
Entity Type
Entity Type Label
Census Landmark Point Features
Entity Type Definition
ESRI Shapefile. Points represent defined features
Entity Type Definition Source
ESRI; Department of Commerce, Census Bureau
Attributes
GIST_ID
Internal Feature Identifier
CFCC
Census Feature Class Code. The CFCC identifies the most noticeable characteristic of a feature. (Census Feature Class CodesAttributes of Geographic Objects, TIGER/Line 1995 Technical Documentation)
Attribute Value Accuracy Explanation
First character describes feature class; Second character is a number describing the major category; Third character is a number describing the minor category.
NAME
Feature Name
TIM.TG95UTLPTPT.FID
Internal feature number. (Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.)
SHAPE
Feature geometry. (Coordinates defining the features.)
Entity and Attribute Overview
The TIGER/Line files contain data describing three major types of features/entities; Line Features: 1) Roads 2) Railroads 3) Hydrography 4) Miscellaneous transportation features and selected power lines and pipe lines 5) Political and statistical boundaries Landmark Features: 1) Point landmarks, e.g., schools and churches 2) Area landmarks, e.g., Parks and cemeteries 3) Key geographic locations (KGLs), e.g., apartment buildings and factories Polygon Features: 1) Geographic entity codes for areas used to tabulate the 1990 census statistical data and current geographic areas 2) Locations of area landmarks 3) Locations of KGLs The line features and polygon information form the majority of data in the TIGER/Line files. Some of the data/attributes describing the lines include coordinates, feature identifiers (names), CFCCs (used to identify the most noticeable characteristic of a feature), address ranges, and geographic entity codes. The TIGER/Line files contain point and area labels that describe landmarks features and provide locational reference. Area landmarks consist of a feature name or label and feature type assigned to a polygon or group of polygons. Landmarks may overlap or refer to the same set of polygons. The Census TIGER data base uses collections of spatial objects (points, lines, and polygons) to model or describe real-world geography. The Census Bureau uses these spatial objects to represent features such as streets, rivers, and political boundaries and assigns attributes to these features to identify and describe specific features such as the 500 block of Market Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The TIGER/Line files contain information about these spatial objects distributed over a series of record types. Users of the TIGER/Line files may need to link information from several record types to find all the attributes of interest that belong to one spatial object. Topology explains how points, lines, and areas relate to each other and is used as the foundation for organizing spatial objects in the Census TIGER data base. The Census TIGER data base uses these objects to provide a disciplined, mathematical description of the features on the earth's surface. All spatial objects are interrelated. A sequence of points defines line segments, and line segments connect to define polygons. The Census TIGER data base relates information to points or 0-cells, lines or 1-cells, and polygons or 2-cells. The number preceding the cell identifies the dimensionality of the objects; for instance, a line segment has a single dimension,length. Each of these objects build on the others to form higher-level objects. The 0-cells form the end points of 1-cells. The 1-cells connect at 0-cells and form closed figures that partition space into polygons or 2-cells. The spatial objects in TIGER/Line files embody both geometry (coordinate location and shape) and topology (the relationship between points, lines objects, and polygons) and therefore belong to the "Geometry and Topology" (GT) class of objects in the SDTS. In the SDTS, nodes represent point objects (0-cells) that identify the start and end position of lines or 1-dimensional objects (1-cells) called chains. The chains in the TIGER/Line files are complete chains because they form GT-polygon boundaries and intersect other chains only at nodes. Topological chains that do not contain polygon information are network chains used to form GT-rings. Data users may choose not to use GT-polygon or geographic entity codes and consider the TIGER/Line files a source of network chain data. The TIGER/Line files contain point landmark data that are not included in the Census TIGER data base topology. Point landmarks are entity points that mark the location of points of interest and are not connected to complete chains or GT-polygons. A polygon identification code is used to link a landmark to a GT-polygon.
Entity and Attribute Detail Citation
The U.S. Bureau of the Census, TIGER/Line Files, 1995 Technical Documentation. The TIGER/Line files documentation defines the terms and definitions used within the files.
Distribution Information
Format Name
Shape
Distributor
Harvard Geospatial Library
Name
Metadata Reference Information
Metadata Date
20030108
Metadata Contact
Contact Information
Contact Person Primary
Contact Person
Contact Organization
Harvard Geospatial Library
Contact Address
Address
Harvard University Library
Address
Office For Information Systems
Address
1280 Massachusetts Avenue
City
Cambridge
State or Province
MA.
Postal Code
02138
Country
USA
Contact Voice Telephone
617-495-2417
Contact Facsimile Telephone
617-496-0440
Contact Electronic Mail Address
hgl_ref@hulmail.harvard.edu
Metadata Standard Name
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata Standard Version
FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata Extensions
Online Linkage
http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html
Profile Name
ESRI Metadata Profile
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