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UA Census Landmark Point Features, 2000 - North Carolina

Identification Information
Citation
Originator
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Geography Division
Publication Date
2002
Title
UA Census Landmark Point Features, 2000 - North Carolina
Edition
UA Census 2000
Geospatial Data Presentation Form
vector digital data
Collection Title
TIGER/Line Files, UA Census 2000
Publication Information
Online Linkage
https://hgl.harvard.edu/catalog/harvard-tg00nclpt
Abstract
This datalayer displays the Landmark Point Features throughout the state. "Landmark" is the general name given to a cartographic (or locational) landmark, a land-use area, and a key geographic location (KGL). A cartographic landmark is identified for use by an enumerator while working in the field. A land-use area is identified in order to minimize enumeration efforts in uninhabited areas or areas where human access is restricted. A key geographic location is identified in order to more accurately geocode and enumerate a place of work or residence. The predominant feature classes represented in this layer include: airports or airfields; cemeteries; fraternities or sororities; state or local parks or forests; golf courses; lookout towers; educational and religious institutions. Other possible landmark features could include military installations, multi-household or transient quarters, custodial facilities, other types of transportation facilities or terminals, employment centers, open space and other special landmark designations for post offices, police stations and firehouses. The Census Bureau includes landmarks in the Census TIGER data base for locating special features and to help enumerators during field operations. The Census Bureau added landmark features on an as-needed-basis and made no attempt to ensure that all instances of a particular feature were included. The absence of a landmark does not mean that the living quarters, e.g., hospitals and group quarters associated with the landmark were excluded from the 1990 enumeration. A census feature class code (CFCC) is used to identify the most noticeable characteristic of a feature. The CFCC is applied only once to a chain or landmark with preference given to classifications that cover features that are visible to an observer and a part of the ground transportation network. Thus, a road that also is the boundary of a town would have a CFCC describing its road characteristics, not its boundary characteristics. The CFCC, as used in the TIGER/Line files, is a three-character code. The first character is a letter describing the feature class; the second character is a number describing the major category; and the third character is a number describing the minor category. Landmark (Feature Class D) is the general name given to a cartographic (or locational) landmark, a land-use area, and a key geographic location.
Purpose
These data are intended for researchers, students, and policy makers for reference and mapping purposes, and may be used for basic applications such as viewing, querying, and map output production. This layer will provide a basemap for layers related to socio-political analysis, statistical enumeration and analysis, or to support graphical overlays and analysis with other spatial data. More advanced user applications may focus on demographics, urban and rural land use planning, socio-economic analysis and related areas (including defining boundaries, managing assets and facilities, integrating attribute databases with geographic features, spatial analysis, and presentation output.)
Temporal Extent
Currentness Reference
ground condition
Time Instant
20000101
Bounding Box
West
-84.308257
East
-75.4666489979273
North
36.5807700016027
South
33.8886119994409
ISO Topic Category
transportation
intelligenceMilitary
structure
imageryBaseMapsEarthCover
Theme Keyword
Census
Religious institutions
Military installations
Parks
Cemeteries
Airports
Camp sites
Recreation areas
Theme Keyword Thesaurus
LCSH
Theme Keyword
Landmarks
Theme Keyword Thesaurus
None
Place Keyword
North Carolina
Place Keyword Thesaurus
GNIS
Access Restrictions
None
Use Restrictions
For educational, non-commercial use only. TIGER, TIGER/Line, and Census TIGER are trademarks of the Bureau of the Census. Although this data set has been developed by the U.S. Census Bureau, no warranty expressed or implied is made by the Bureau as to the accuracy of the data and related materials. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the Bureau in the use of this data, or related materials.
Status
Complete
Maintenance and Update Frequency
Datalayers derived from TIGER/Line files are extracted from the Census TIGER data base when needed for geographic programs required to support the census and survey programs of the Census Bureau. No changes or updates will be made to the UA Census 2000 TIGER/Line files.
Point of Contact
Contact Organization
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Geography Division
Delivery Point
8903 Presidential Pkwy, Room 303 WP I
Delivery Point
Bureau of the Census
Delivery Point
4700 Silver Hill Road, Stop 7400
City
Upper Marlboro
City
Washington
State
Maryland
State
District of Columbia
Postal Code
20772
Postal Code
20233-7400
Country
USA
Country
USA
Credit
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Geography Division.
Native Data Set Environment
Microsoft Windows NT Version 4.0 (Build 1381) Service Pack 6; ESRI ArcCatalog 8.2.0.700
Collection
Originator
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Geography Division
Publication Date
2002
Title
TIGER/Line Files, UA Census 2000
Edition
UA Census 2000
Publication Information
Publication Place
Washington, DC
Publisher
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census
Data Quality Information
Attribute Accuracy Report
Topological Properties The attribute accuracy of the TIGER/Line files is as precise as the source used during the creation or update of the Census TIGER database. Accuracy statements on the Census TIGER database are based on deductive estimates; no specific field tests for attribute accuracy have been conducted on the files. However, updates or corrections resulting from normal U.S. Census Bureau field operations are entered into the Census TIGER database. In addition, quality checks are conducted to verify clerical transcription of data from source materials. Based on past experience, attribute codes match the source materials with less than a two-percent error. The feature network of complete chains (as represented by Record Types 1 and 2) is complete for census purposes. Data users should be aware that on occasion they might not be able to trace a specific feature by name or by census feature class code (CFCC) as a continuous line throughout the TIGER/Line files without making additional edits. For example, State Highway 32 may cross the entire county. The TIGER/Line files will contain complete chains in the file at the location of State Highway 32, but the complete chains may individually have one of a collection of local names such as S Elm Street, or Smallville Highway, with or without State Highway 32 as an alternate. The most frequent CFCC for a state highway is A21, but the complete chains at the location of State Highway 32 may have a variety of class codes such as A01, A41, or A21. Recent edits have reduced this problem, but not eliminated it. Boundaries and Geographic Entity Codes The U.S. Census Bureau collects and tabulates information for both legal and statistical entities. Record Type 1 mainly identifies the boundaries and codes for the legal entities reported to the U.S. Census Bureau to be legally in effect as of the Census 2000 Boundary and Annexation Survey. Record Types 3 and A generally contain the 1990 census tabulation geographic boundaries and codes for those entities. Most legal boundaries are based on the annotations made by local officials in response to the U.S. Census Bureau's Boundary and Annexation Surveys. The boundary information in the TIGER/Line files are for statistical data collection and tabulation purposes only; their depiction and designation for statistical purposes does not constitute a determination of jurisdictional authority or rights of ownership or entitlement. Local data users generally define and delineate statistical entities following U.S. Census Bureau guidelines. However, there are several exceptions: - The U.S. Census Bureau defines Urbanized Areas (UAs) based strictly on technical considerations. USGS edited the FIPS 55 file to ensure alphabetical sorting and data consistency. As a result, changes were made to the FIPS 55 codes and related class codes. These changes, plus codes for new Census 2000 entities, appear in Record Type C. Other attribute data in the TIGER/Line files were gathered from many sources. The U.S. Census Bureau's staff linked the attribute information to the spatial framework of features. Most procedures for gathering the needed attributes were clerical. The quality of these attributes was ensured by various tests conducted before, during, and after the time that the attribute information was entered into the Census TIGER database. Tests included source material selection and evaluation checks, quality control checks on staff work, independent reviews by local and tribal leaders of maps produced from the Census TIGER database, and staff reviews of computer-performed operations. - The U.S. Census Bureau defines ZIP Code Tabulation Areas (ZCTAs) through an automated process utilizing addresses in the TIGER database and the Master Address File (MAF). - State Departments of Education delineate school districts. - The designated liaison for the Redistricting Data Program supplies Voting Districts (VTDs) and State Legislative Districts (SLDs). - Metropolitan Planning Organizations or State Departments of Transportation define Traffic Analysis Zones (TAZs). The USGS maintains the file that is published as FIPS 55. The U.S. Census Bureau uses the file for coding American Indian/Alaska Native Areas, county subdivisions, consolidated cities, places, and sub-MCDs. Address Ranges and ZIP Codes The conversion from the Geographic Base File/Dual Independent Map Encoding (GBF/DIME)-Files to the TIGER format involved neither verification of previously existing address ranges nor any significant updates or corrections. Prior to the release of the 1992 TIGER/Line files, the address ranges for an area were generally the same as those in the corresponding 1980 GBF/DIME-File. The 1992 TIGER/Line files included ACF address ranges for existing and new features identified during census operations. Address ranges and ZIP Codes were verified and coverage extended for Census 2000 through the use of the Master Address File (MAF). The MAF is closely linked to the Census TIGER database. Local address lists and addresses from the U.S. Postal Service supplement the MAF. Through an automated matching process, addresses in the MAF were compared to existing address ranges in the Census TIGER database creating or modifying the TIGER address ranges where necessary. Feature Identifiers A national consistency review of all feature names in the Census TIGER database was performed by running a revised name standardizing operation on all feature identifiers. An additional benefit was the removal of nonstandard characters and punctuation from the names. To improve accuracy, road names in the Census TIGER database were compared with street names in the ZIP+4 file from the US Postal Service. Errors in feature directionals or feature types were corrected in the Census TIGER database.
Logical Consistency Report
Node-line-area relationships satisfy topological requirements. These requirements include the following: - Complete chains must begin and end at nodes. - Complete chains must connect to each other at nodes. - Complete chains do not extend through nodes. - Left and right polygons are defined for each complete chain element and are consistent for complete chains connecting at nodes. - Complete chains representing the limits of a file are free from gaps. The U.S. Census Bureau performed automated tests to ensure logical consistency and limits of file. Some polygons in the TIGER/Line files are so small that the polygon internal point has been manually placed on a node that defines the polygon perimeter. The U.S. Census Bureau uses it's internally developed Geographic Update System to enhance and modify spatial and attribute data in the Census TIGER database. The Census TIGER database has two generations of currency in geographic areas. These are the 1990 census areas and the Census 2000 areas. The location, type, and number of areas affect the boundaries of geographic areas. To prepare for Census 2000, those features used only as boundaries in the 1980 census were deleted. The deletions lowered the overall count of complete chains and polygons. Standard geographic codes, such as FIPS codes for states, counties, municipalities, and places, are used when encoding spatial entities. The U.S. Census Bureau performed spatial data tests for logical consistency of the codes during the compilation of the original Census TIGER database files. Most of the codes themselves were provided to the U.S. Census Bureau by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the agency responsible for maintaining FIPS 55.
Completeness Report
Data completeness of the TIGER/Line files reflects the contents of the Census TIGER data base at the time the TIGER/Line files (UA 2000 version) were created. The GBF/DIME-Files and the USGS's DLG were the two main sources of spatial attribute data. Data for a given category contain attribute codes that reflect the information portrayed on the original source. The TIGER/Line files also use the U.S. Census Bureau's internal coding scheme which in some cases parallels the FIPS codes. The feature network of complete chains is complete for census purposes. For the 1990 census and Census 2000, census enumerators identified new and previously unreported street features for the entire nation during a series of decennial census operations. In some areas, local officials reviewed the census maps and identified new features and feature changes. The TIGER/Line files contain limited point and area landmark data. The enumerator updates for decennial censuses do not stress landmark features. Computer file matching and automated updates from the Economic and Agriculture censuses added landmarks and key geographic locations (KGLs).
Horizontal Positional Accuracy Report
The U.S. Census Bureau's mission to count and profile the Nation's people and institutions does not require very high levels of positional accuracy in its geographic products. Its files and maps are designed to show only the relative positions of elements. Coordinates in the TIGER/Line files are in decimal degrees and have six implied decimal places. The positional accuracy of these coordinates is not as great as the six decimal places suggest. The positional accuracy varies with the source materials used, but at best meets the established National Map Accuracy standards (approximately + /- 167 feet) where 1:100,000-scale maps from the USGS are the source. The U.S. Census Bureau cannot specify the accuracy of feature updates added by its field staff or of features derived from the GBF/DIME-Files or other map or digital sources. Thus, the level of positional accuracy in the TIGER/Line files is NOT suitable for high-precision measurement applications such as engineering problems, property transfers, or other uses that might require highly accurate measurements of the earth's surface. Despite the fact that TIGER/Line data positional accuracy is not as high as the coordinate values imply, the six-decimal place precision is useful when producing maps. This precision allows you to place features that are next to each other on the ground in the correct position, relative to each other, on the map without overlap.
Lineage
Source
Originator
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Geography Division
Publication Date
Unpublished Material
Title
Census TIGER database
Edition
UA Census 2000
Source Scale Denominator
100000
Type of Source Media
online
Source Temporal Extent
Time Period Information
Single Date/Time
Calendar Date
2000
Source Currentness Reference
Date the file was made available to create TIGER/Line File extracts.
Spatial Data Organization Information
Direct Spatial Reference Method
Vector
Point and Vector Object Information
SDTS Terms Description
SDTS Point and Vector Object Type
Composite object
Point and Vector Object Count
13469
Spatial Reference Information
Horizontal Coordinate System Definition
Geographic
Latitude Resolution
0.000000
Longitude Resolution
0.000000
Geographic Coordinate Units
Decimal degrees
Geodetic Model
Horizontal Datum Name
North American Datum of 1927
Ellipsoid Name
Clarke 1866
Semi-major Axis
6378206.400000
Denominator of Flattening Ratio
294.978698
Vertical Coordinate System Definition
Altitude System Definition
Altitude Resolution
1.000000
Altitude Encoding Method
Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
Entity and Attribute Information
Entity Type
Entity Type Label
UA Census Landmark Point Features, 2000 - North Carolina
Entity Type Definition
ESRI Shapefile. Points represent defined features
Entity Type Definition Source
ESRI; Department of Commerce, Census Bureau
Attributes
GIST_ID
Internal Feature Identifier
CFCC
Census Feature Class Code. The CFCC identifies the most noticeable characteristic of a feature. (Census Feature Class CodesCensus 2000 TIGER/Line Files Technical Documentation, Department of Commerce, Census Bureau)
Attribute Value Accuracy Explanation
First character describes feature class; Second character is a number describing the major category; Third character is a number describing the minor category.
NAME
Feature Name
SHAPE
Feature geometry. (Coordinates defining the features.)
SHAPE.FID
Internal feature number. (Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.)
Distribution Information
Format Name
Shape
Distributor
Harvard Geospatial Library
Name
Metadata Reference Information
Metadata Date
20030714
Metadata Contact
Contact Information
Contact Person Primary
Contact Person
Contact Organization
Harvard Geospatial Library
Contact Address
Address
Harvard University Library
Address
Office For Information Systems
Address
1280 Massachusetts Avenue
City
Cambridge
State or Province
MA.
Postal Code
02138
Country
USA
Contact Voice Telephone
617-495-2417
Contact Facsimile Telephone
617-496-0440
Contact Electronic Mail Address
hgl_ref@hulmail.harvard.edu
Metadata Standard Name
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata Standard Version
FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata Extensions
Online Linkage
http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html
Profile Name
ESRI Metadata Profile
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